JHER recognises the importance of maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. Where errors, concerns, or post-publication issues are identified, the journal will take appropriate action in a transparent and timely manner.

Corrections
A correction may be issued where a published article contains a material error that affects accuracy, discoverability, citation, interpretation, or reader understanding but does not invalidate the overall findings of the work. Examples may include errors in author details, affiliations, tables, figures, references, or important factual statements.

Expressions of Concern
Where serious concerns arise about a publication but the available evidence is incomplete or an investigation is ongoing, the journal may publish an expression of concern to alert readers while the matter is being reviewed.

Retractions
A retraction may be issued where findings are shown to be unreliable, where there is evidence of plagiarism, duplicate publication, fabricated or falsified data, unethical research, serious authorship dispute, or another material breach of publication ethics. The purpose of retraction is to correct the scholarly record, not merely to punish authors.

Withdrawal Before Publication
A manuscript that is still under review or in production may be withdrawn in accordance with journal policy, provided the editorial office is informed promptly and the request is justified. The journal may decline withdrawal requests where substantial editorial work has already been undertaken without good cause.

Retraction and Correction Notices
Any correction, retraction, or expression of concern issued by the journal should be linked clearly to the relevant article and should state the reason for the action in a manner that is fair, factual, and informative.

Version Integrity
The journal may update article metadata, indexing records, and DOI-related information where necessary to reflect corrections and other post-publication changes in line with good scholarly publishing practice.